广州高密度住区空中花园的恢复性效益研究

高密度城市环境中开放空间和绿色空间的不足，对居民身心健康造成了不良影响，是当前城市人居环境面临的重要问题之一。空中花园作为城市绿色空间的补充形式之一，其健康促进作用已得到初步证实，值得中国高密度城市，尤其是气候适宜的亚热带城市研究与借鉴。立足于广州高密度居住现状及空中花园相关实践，探索空中花园空间类型、空间界面和绿视率的恢复性效益差异。以广州典型高层住宅小区为原型，采用虚拟现实技术构建15组场景作为空中花园对照实验场景，并对被试者进行DSB测试的压力诱导干预，通过分析被试者生理恢复(皮肤电导反应，SCR)和心理恢复(情绪唤醒，STAI-S；主观恢复性评价，RCS)的综合效益，探讨空中花园各影响因素与恢复性效益之间的关系。结果表明：1)3种不同类型的空中花园均具备恢复性效益，且兼容性特征最为显著；2)当空中花园空间尺度受限时，界面通透性对环境恢复性效益具有重要影响；3)相同量级绿视率在不同类型空中花园中的恢复性效益存在明显差异。

Research on the Restorative Benefits of Sky Gardens in Guangzhou's High-density Residential Districts

The lack of open spaces and green spaces has caused a series of negative impacts on the physical and mental health of the residents in high-density urban environments. This is one of the important issues facing the urban habitat recently. As one of the supplementary forms of urban green space, sky gardens have been proven to be effective for health promotion. It is worthwhile to research and draw lessons from them in high-density cities in China, especially in sub-tropical regions. The article explores the differences in restorative benefits of sky garden space types, spatial interfaces, and green view rates, based on the current situation of high-density housing and sky garden-related practices in Guangzhou. Based on typical high-rise residential community in Guangzhou, 15-sky garden spatial scenes were constructed for controlled experiments with virtual reality technology. The aim is to explore the relationship between various influencing factors and restorative benefits of sky gardens. The stress-inducing intervention of the DSB test was administered to the subjects before the experiment, and then the analysis of the comprehensive benefits of physiological recovery (SCR) and psychological recovery (STAI-S, RCS) of the subjects. The results show that: 1) Three different types of sky gardens all have restorative benefits, and the compatibility feature is most significant; 2) When the space of the sky garden is limited, the interface permeability has an important impact on the environmental restoration benefits; 3) There are significant differences in the restorative benefits of the same amount of green view in different types of sky gardens.