“天人合一”整体观对中国传统风景园林的影响

易学是中国哲学之源,与风景园林统一于象数范畴。象主要体现在易学的卦象爻象、风景园林的要素空间和地理的气形布局等方面;数主要体现在太极、两仪、四象、八卦的数理逻辑方面。易学体用兼具,“体”指易学的理论经典,“用”指风景园林设计中的应用。“体”“用”结合,首先表现为景点题名的易学典故,其次表现为象天法地和呼象喝形的要素形态,再次表现为四正四隅的八卦布局,从次表现为利害吉凶的评价标准,最后表现为易学的审美方法。由此可见,风景园林以易学为原理进行设计,可以顺应自然的象数本质,体现“天人合一”的思想。

The Influence of the Holistic View of "Harmonybetween Human and Nature" on TraditionalChinese Landscape Architecture

: In traditional Chinese culture, the concept of "Harmonybetween Human and Nature" is the general outline of therelationship between human and nature, which has a long processof its occurrence and development. From the perspective of ancientand modern holistic views, this paper expounds the connotationand extension of "Harmony between Human and Nature", and theinfluence of its holistic thinking on Chinese landscape architecture,including the universe holism, human and nature holism as well asbody and mind holism. The concept of "Harmony between Humanand Nature" has a profound impact on many aspects of Chineselandscape architecture, such as the physical and mental cultivationin famous mountain scenic spots as well as the psychic sacrificein altar and shrine gardens, the construction principle of "artisticcreations should follow the law of nature and also portray what theartist felt deep in heart" and "the garden is created by the humanhand, but it should appear as if created by heaven", which showsthe harmonious relationship between people and heaven, earth andother people.