内燃机曲轴疲劳断裂失效特征及原因探析

曲轴是内燃机的核心零件之一,受力复杂,服役环境恶劣,在多种因素的影响下常常发生早期疲劳断裂。在总结曲轴工程实际应用及试验中发生早期疲劳断裂情况的基础上,介绍了曲轴疲劳断裂特征,分析了引起曲轴疲劳断裂的因素;认为曲轴的早期疲劳失效涉及从材料、结构、加工、受力、服役环境等多个方面,并简述了曲轴疲劳断裂失效分析的手段及对断裂失效分析人员的要求。

Failure Characteristics and Causes Discussion on Fatigue Fracture of Internal Combustion Engine Crankshaft

Being the main part of internal combustion engine, crankshaft is usually with complex stress conditions and adverse service environment. And primary fatigue fracture of crankshaft often happens with several influencing factors. Fatigue fracture characteristic and influencing factors of crankshaft were introduced and discussed, based on the organization of primary fatigue fracture of crankshaft happened during real service or testing process. It is thought that causes of crankshaft primary fatigue fraeture can be related to the factors of material, structure, machining, service loads and environment. And failure analysis methods of crankshaft fatigue fraeture and requirements of the failure analyzer were presented in the last part of the paper.