Effects of Na and Cl co-doping on electrochemical performance in LiFePO4/C |
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Authors: | Zhao-Hui Wang Li-Xia Yuan Miao Wu Dan Sun Yun-Hui Huang |
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Affiliation: | State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China |
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Abstract: | Na+ and Cl− co-doped LiFePO4/C composites were prepared via a simple solid state reaction. The structure, valence state and electrochemical performance were carefully investigated. Rietveld refinement on X-ray diffractions reveals that Na+ and Cl− have successfully been introduced into the lattice of LiFePO4. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy proves that the co-doping of Na+ and Cl− does not change the chemical state of Fe(II). Experimental results further show that the co-doping contributes to induce the lattice distortion, modify the particle morphology, and increase the electronic conductivity. Considerably enhanced capacity, coulombic efficiency and rate capability were obtained in the co-doped LiFePO4. The specific capacities are 157 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C, 115 mAh g−1 at 10 C and 98 mAh g−1 at 20 C for the (Na+, Cl−) co-doped LiFePO4/C cathode material. The improvement can be ascribed to the enhanced electronic conductivity and electrode kinetics due to the micro-structural modification promoted by co-doping. |
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Keywords: | Lithium-ion batteries Lithium iron phosphate Na+ and Cl&minus co-doping Rate capability |
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