MOF晶体薄膜材料的制备及应用

作为纳米技术领域的一种新材料, 金属-有机骨架(metal-organic framework, MOF)薄膜材料(也称为SURMOFs)获得了越来越多研究者的关注.多种合成方法的不断提出, 为大量合成膜厚度、均匀性、形态、甚至维度均可控的MOF薄膜材料提供了可能性, 并为薄膜材料在更多领域中的应用提供了机会.本文首先介绍了MOF薄膜材料基于液相或真空的各种合成方法及其适用范围, 其中, 获得高质量薄膜的最有效方法之一是在基底材料上沉积自组装单层(SAMs), 进而诱导MOF薄膜的成核及生长.其次, 总结了近年来MOF薄膜材料在分离、催化、传感等领域的研究进展, 以及为满足环境可持续发展和对清洁能源的需求, 新发展起来的在光催化、储能、光伏以及制备各种电子器件领域的应用.在此基础上, 讨论了限制MOF薄膜实际应用的因素(例如薄膜生长机制需要更深入的研究、薄膜质量及薄膜热电性能等有待进一步提高等), 对相关领域未来的研究方向进行了展望, 以期为MOF薄膜材料进一步的研究发展提供理论参考. 

Fabrication methods and applications of metal-organic framework thin films

As one of the most promising nanomaterials, metal-organic framework (MOF) thin films (also known as surfacesupported MOF thin films, SURMOFs) have attracted much attention in recent years. The development of various synthetic methods makes it possible to obtain MOF thin films with controlled thickness, uniformity, morphology, and even dimensions, providing tremendous opportunities for more applications. Different synthesis methods of MOF thin films based on liquid phase or vacuum range were first introduced, and one of the most effective ways to fabricate quality thin films was depositing self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on the primary substrate to further induce the nucleation and growth of MOF thin films. Furthermore, some traditional applications of MOF thin films (e. g. separation, catalysis, sensing) were summarized, as well as some newly-developed applications in photocatalysis, energy storage, photovoltaics, and electronic devices, which meet the demands for environmental sustainability and cleaner energy. Although the future is promising, MOF thin films still face some challenges. Therefore, some key factors those limit the MOF films' practical application were discussed, for example, the unclear growth mechanism of thin films, the poor quality and low film thermoe lectric performance. Based on the review of recent developments, this article will provide references for the future research of MOF thin films.