两种海洋生物多糖对60Co辐射损伤小鼠保护作用的研究

本研究以雄性昆明小鼠为对象,探讨低聚壳聚糖和岩藻低聚糖对其辐射损伤的保护作用。将小鼠随机分为空白对照组、辐照对照组、低聚壳聚糖低剂量组每天0.9 mg/kg(体重)]、低聚壳聚糖高剂量组3 mg/kg(体重)]、岩藻低聚糖低剂量组0.9 mg/kg(体重)]和岩藻低聚糖高剂量组3 mg/kg(体重)]6个组,采用灌胃方式,连续灌胃25天。空白对照组和辐照对照组则给予等量去离子水。在第17天除空白对照组外,各组小鼠均接受一次性全身4 Gy的 ⁶⁰Co γ射线照射。照射后第1天和第7天,对小鼠的免疫、遗传和抗氧化三方面指标进行检测。结果显示,灌胃低聚壳聚糖和岩藻低聚糖的小鼠的胸腺指数和脾指数均显著升高,未表现明显的剂量-效应关系,说明两种多糖可能对辐射损伤小鼠的器官损伤有一定的保护作用;灌胃多糖的小鼠股骨骨髓DNA含量显著增加,低聚壳聚糖高剂量组表现更突出,表明两种多糖能够减轻辐射诱导的遗传损伤;灌胃多糖的小鼠肝脏、心脏和肾脏的谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量显著升高,丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低,表明两种多糖具有显著的抗氧化作用。本研究的结果表明低聚壳聚糖和岩藻低聚糖对辐射小鼠具有一定的保护作用,其作为保健品开发可能性还需进一步探讨。

The protective effect of two kinds of marine polysaccharides onthe 60Co radiation-induced damage to mice

With the rapid development and application of nuclear technology in China, the treatment to the potential danger of nuclear radiation has become a hot topic in the fields of medicine, health and society. In this study, we tried to investigate the protective effect of oligomeric chitosan and fucoidan on radiation-induced damage in the male Kunming mice. The mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal control group, irradiation control group, oligomeric chitosan low dose group (0.9 mg kg^-1 BW d^-1), oligomeric chitosan high dose group (3 mg kg^-1 BW d^-1), fucoidan low dose group (0.9 mg kg^-1 BW d^-1) and fucoidan high dose group (3 mg kg^-1 BW d^-1). They were given polysaccharides by gavage for 25 days except the mice in normal control group and irradiation control group were given deionized water in the same way. On the 17^th day, the mice in all groups except normal control group were irradiated with 4 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ ray. Immune index, genetic index and antioxidant activity were detected at the 1^th and 7^th day after radiation. The results showed that the thymus index and the spleen index of mice given oligomeric chitosan and fucoidan increased significantly, but no obvious dose-effect relationship was observed. It suggested that the two polysaccharides might have a protective effect on organ damage in irradiated mice. The amount of bone marrow DNA in the femur increased significantly in the groups of polysaccharide, especially the group of high dosage of oligomeric chitosan, indicating that the two kinds of polysaccharides can reduce the genetic damage induced by radiation. The content of GSH increased significantly, and the MDA content reduced significantly of the heart, liver, and kidneys in the groups of polysaccharide, which indicated that the two kinds of polysaccharides had significant antioxidant effects. The results suggested that oligomeric chitosan and fucoidan had protective effects on damage in γ ray irradiated mice. The possibility for the development of health care products in the future needs to be further explored.