我国部分省份环境气溶胶中239+240 Pu的测定

采用阴离子交换树脂分离结合α谱仪测量的方法对我国7个省份环境气溶胶中^239+240Pu含量进行测定,实验全程回收率为60.8%～94.6%,对气溶胶中^239+240Pu的最小可探测限为0.008 μBq/m³。普通环境气溶胶采样量需要达到30 000 m³以上,在应急情况等特殊环境气溶胶采样量为10 000 m³可满足要求。一般情况下气溶胶中²¹⁰Po含量比^239+240Pu高4～6个数量级,在分析和测量中要关注²¹⁰Po对^239+240Pu测量的影响。测量结果显示,我国普通省份环境气溶胶中^239+240Pu含量为0.009～0.099 μBq/m³,与美国、韩国和西班牙等国家空气气溶胶中的Pu含量处于同一水平。

Determination of 239+240Pu in environmental aerosols from some provinces in China

The contents of ^239+240Pu in the environmental aerosols from seven provinces in China were analyzed using anion exchange resin separation and α spectrometer. Their total recovery rates were 60.8%-94.6%. The minimum detectable limit of ^239+240Pu in aerosols was 0.008 μBq/m³. The sampling volume of aerosol in common environment needs more than 30 000 m³. In emergency and other special situations the aerosol sampling volume of 10 000 m³ will be enough. The ²¹⁰Po content in aerosol is 4-6 orders of magnitude higher than ^239+240Pu. In this analysis, we should pay attention to the influence of ²¹⁰Po on ^239+240Pu measurement. Our experimental results show that the contents of ^239+240Pu in the common environmental aerosols in China are 0.009-0.099 μBq/m³, the Pu content in air aerosols in China is the same level as that in the United States, South Korea and Spain.