聚丙烯酸钠/高岭土复合高吸水性树脂的制备、结构与性能

以丙烯酸和高岭土为原料,用反相悬浮聚合法合成了聚丙烯酸钠/高岭土复合高吸水性树脂。研究了加入高岭土的聚丙烯酸钠复合高吸水性树脂合成中反应温度、中和度、交联剂用量、引发剂用量、高岭土添加量等影响树脂吸水性能的主要因素。结果表明,用反相悬浮聚合法合成的复合高吸水性树脂后处理容易,树脂的吸水率达到512g/g,吸盐水率达到81g/g,吸水速度比不加高岭土提高20%,保水能力提高15%,在250℃加热30min仍能保持原吸水率的95%。用IR和TEM研究了复合高吸水性树脂的表面和结构,TEM显示高岭土的加入对树脂颗粒大小和形状有较大的影响,IR初步表明聚丙烯酸与高岭土产生了交联。

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(sodium acrylate)/Kaolin Superabsorbent Composite

Poly(sodium acrylate)/kaolin superabsorbent composite was synthesized by inverse suspension polymerization using partially neutralized acrylic acid and kaolin.The influence of reaction temperature,neutralization degree of acrylic acid and amounts of crosslinking agent,initiator,dispersant and kaolin on the absorbency of the composite was discussed.The results showed that the distilled water absorbency of the composite is 512 g/g,and the saline water absorbency is 81 g/g.Compared with poly(sodium acrylate) superabsorbent,the water absorption rate of the composite increased by 20%,the water retention ability increased by 15%,and the aftertreatment of the composite is easier.The composite retained 95% of its original absorbency after 30 min heating at 250 ℃.The surface and structure of the composite were investigated by IR and TEM.TEM showed that the addition of kaolin affects the granular size and shape of the composite greatly.IR indicated that acrylic acid salt was grafted on the surface of kaolin.