马2-1H典型水平井复杂情况处理及预防

水平井贯穿油层段长，单井产量高，但施工工艺复杂，易发生卡钻事故，一旦发生卡钻，处理不当，损失巨大，因此安全施工尤为重要。马2-1H井是四川通南巴构造带马路背构造的一口水平井，该井所处构造自流井组地层岩性以砂质泥岩、黑色页岩、炭质页岩为主，泥岩造浆能力较强，地层不稳定，易发生垮塌、掉块，给钻井施工带来困难。对马2-1H井施工过程中发生的复杂事故过程进行总结，通过地层岩性对比、钻井液性能、钻具组合等分析该井发生井下复杂的原因，总结事故处理的成功经验，探讨研究水平井事故的预防措施，对于水平井安全施工提供一些借鉴。

Solutions and preventions of horizontal well problems

Abstrsct: Horizontal wells usually pass through long oil layers, with high production rate per well, but the drilling process is complex, leading to pipe freezing incidents. In the event of pipe freezing, improper handling may cause huge losses, so the safety of drilling is particularly important. Well Horse 2-1H is a horizontal well in Sichuan Tongnanba area, with the formation lithology of mainly sandy mudstone, black shale, and carbonaceous shale, so the mud making capacity is strong and the strata is unstable, prone to collapse and block dropping to make drilling difficult. The complex accident occurred in the process of horse 2-1H well drilling process is summed up. The reasons for the well underground complex issue are analyzed through formation lithology contrast, drilling fluid properties, BHA, etc. The experience of the incident handling is summarized, and the accident prevention measures of horizontal wells is studied, which has some significance for the safe drilling of horizontal wells, and provides some references for horizontal well drilling in the region.