关于缓解黄河下游断流问题的探讨

近年来黄河下游断流现象愈演愈烈。除已分析的流域干旱，降雨偏少，工农业用水剧增以及管理工作跟不上等原因外，笔者认为地上河的自然因素，也是一个带有决定性的成因。目前，在平水年份，黄河的水量除工农业用水及输沙入海用水外，每年尚有约１００亿＾３弃水，在工农业用水中，有１００多亿立方米的水量是动摇流域以外的，评估其为水资源贫乏，值得商榷。

Approach to Alleviate Flow Cut-off in the Lower Yellow River

Water flow cut-off is become more and more serious currently in the lower Yellow River. River over ground is also a key cause besides of the other factors, such as, draught in the basin, relatively little rainfall, tromendous water utilization increase in agriculture and industry, poor management, and others. Presently, there are about 10 billion m3 of water flowing away in the Yellow River in normal years except for agricultural and industrial uses and sediment delivery. Even in the agricultural and industrial uses there are over 10 billion m3 of water resource applied to outside the Yellow River basin, therefore, it is needed to take more research on the Point of Poor water resource.At the moment, the most urgent work is to strengthen the water resource management to alleviate flow cut-off in the lower Yellow River, and take practising specific treatments. As mentioned in the paper, the systems of water using record, water limitation, award and punishment, and others will be the imPOrtant reference.