纳米碳纤维复合材料的制备及其力学性能研究

采用浓酸(浓硫酸/浓硝酸)氧化法对纳米碳纤维进行表面处理,在水热和超声分散条件下,制备了纳米碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料。红外光谱测试结果表明,酸化处理在纳米碳纤维表面引入了羟基和羧基等能参与环氧树脂固化反应的官能团。处理后纳米碳纤维的分散性有了明显的改善和提高。SEM和复合材料拉伸性能测试结果也显示了酸化处理能有效改善纤维与树脂的界面结合状况,提高复合材料的拉伸性能。当酸化处理纳米碳纤维的质量分数为0.1%时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到最大值,是纯树脂的1.8倍,是同含量未处理纳米碳纤维材料的1.6倍。

Research on Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanofibers/Epoxy Resin Composite Materials

Under hydrothermal and ultrasonic conditions,concentrated acidification(vitriol / nitric acid)was applied to the surface treatment of carbon nanofibers,and the epoxy resin /carbon nanofibers composite materials was prepared. Results of FTIR spectroscopy testing showed that hydroxy and carboxyl functional groups were introduced to the surface of fibers,which could participate in the cure reaction of epoxy resin after acidification treatment.The dispersion situation of carbon nanofibers in matrix was obviously improved.Results of SEM and Tensile testing also indicated that by acidification treatment,the interface combination between the fibers and the resin was effectively enhanced,and the tensile properties of the composite materials was remarkably increased.When the weight fraction of the carbon nanofibers was 0.1%,the tensile strength of the composite reached its maxmum point,which was 1.8 times of that of the neat resin and 1.6 times of that of the composite untreated.