不锈钢可加工性分析及其高效切削刀具技术研究

由于不锈钢中含有Cr、Ni、Ti和Mn等铁族元素,与硬质合金刀片中的Co元素属于同族元素,切削过程中容易产生刀-屑黏结和元素扩散等问题,是典型的难加工材料。以碳素钢45#为参考标准,从切削变形、载荷和加工硬化等方面分析不同种类不锈钢的切削加工性;进行刀具材质、结构和切削参数与不锈钢的切削匹配性研究,并进行参数优选;最后对不锈钢切削刀具的性能进行分析,提出不锈钢车削专用刀具设计方法,实现了高效切削和优异刀具使用寿命双重目标,研究数据以期为难加工材料的高效车削提供参考。

Analysis on Machinability of Stainless Steel and Research on Its High Efficiency Cutting Tool Technology

The problems about the sticking failure between cutter and chip, and the element diffusion are easily produced during the cutting process, owning to the existence of the iron family elements contained in the stainless steel such as Cr, Ni, Ti and Mn and so on, which belong to the same group elements with the Co element contained in the cemented carbide cutters, therefore, the stainless steel is a typical difficult-to-cut material.The machinability of different kinds of stainless steel with carbon steel 45#as standard of ref-erence was analyzed from the aspects of machining deformation, loading and work hardening, and etc.The research on compatibility of the material, construction of the cutter and cutting parameters with stainless steel was conducted so as to optimize the parameters.Final-ly, the performance of cutter during cutting stainless steel was analyzed, and the design method of the special cutter for turning stain-less steel was proposed.Double aims of high efficiency cutting and excellent service life of tool are implemented, and the research data will provide the references for efficient cutting difficult-to-machine material.