Detection of patulin in apple juices marketed in the Tohoku district, Japan |
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Authors: | Watanabe Mitsuru Shimizu Hisashi |
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Affiliation: | National Agricultural Research Center for Tohoku Region, Akahira, Shimokuriyagawa, Morioka, Iwate 020-0198, Japan. wata@affrc.go.jp |
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Abstract: | Patulin is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus. We investigated the incidence of patulin contamination in 179 samples of apple juice and 9 samples of mixed juice (containing apple juice concentrate as an ingredient) commercially available in the Tohoku district of Japan. Patulin was detected in 3 of 143 samples containing domestic fruits and in 6 of 45 samples containing imported products and products produced in Japan using imported apple juice concentrate. Patulin analyses were carried out using high-pressure liquid chromatography with a detection limit of 4 microg/liter. The patulin content of contaminated domestic samples (three samples with concentrations ranging from 6 to 10 microg/liter), imported samples (one sample with a concentration of 15 microg/liter), and domestic samples produced containing imported concentrate (five samples with concentrations ranging from 6 to 9 microg/liter) was lower than the maximum limit of 50 microg/liter currently adopted by many countries, including Japan. |
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