城市垃圾焚烧过程中重金属释放行为的试验研究

以城市垃圾为研究对象，在流化床试验装置上进行焚烧试验，并采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪在线测量烟气中的重金属浓度，研究不同气氛条件(空气、混合气和氮气)下Cd、Pb及Zn3种重金属的释放特性．试验发现，城市垃圾焚烧过程中，在还原气氛及HCl存在的情况下，Cd及Pb较易挥发释放，而Zn释放程度较低，且基本不受气氛条件的影响．研究结果对揭示城市垃圾流化床焚烧过程中重金属释放行为有一定的意义．

Experimental Investigation on Heavy Metal Emission Performance from Incineration of Municipal Solid Waste

Incineration experiments with municipal solid waste (MSW), were presented to obtain information on the evaporation behavior of the elements Cd (cadmium), Pb (lead), and Zn (zinc) at different conditions. Experiments were carried out in a bubbling fluid bed connected to a customized ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy) for analyzing metals in the flue gas, and the release of three metals (Cd, Pb, Zn) from MSW were studied under different atmosphere (air, gas mixture simulating that in the incinerators, N_2). The results indicate the volatility of Cd and Pb is influenced strongly by the atmosphere during MSW incineration. In contrast to oxidative environment, more sub-oxides or elements,which are easy to evaporation, are formed earlier during the reductive environment. Moreover, addition of chlorine increases both Cd and Pb volatilizations during a longer time. However, the results indicate that Zn release is slower than that of other metals, and its volatility behavior is hardly influenced by the atmospheres of incineration.