中国传统村落谱系建立刍议

中国传统村落的总数已经达到1561个,其谱系之建立应该成为一个首先要考虑的问题。只有建立起谱系,这些传统村落才不会是一盘散沙,而是编织起来的一张结构清晰的知识之网。也只有建立起谱系,我们才知道哪些村落是属于"稀有物种",需要我们去主动发现和重点保护。笔者认为,借鉴《巴拉宪章》的文化重要性原则我们可以建立起中国传统村落的谱系。针对中国由一个汉族加55个少数民族的国情,笔者将全国划成了4个片区:I区是东部片区,为汉族文化区;II区是西部片区,为少数民族文化区;III区是华南片区,为民系文化区;IV区包括东北、台湾和海南,其特点是原住民加外来人口,实际上是前3个片区的综合。

The Establishment of Chinese Traditional Villages

The number of official Chinese Traditional villages has reached 1561 and the question of their pedigree should b~come a fundamental issue. Ideally traditional villages can provide us with important cultural, historical and technical information and, in combination, can become a net of knowledge. The concept of pedigree could help determine which kinds of villages are rare species in need of discovery and special protection. The author uses the principle of ＂oaltural significance＂ as defined by the Burra Charter to set up criteria for the pedigree of Chinese Traditional Villages. Since China is a country consists of a majority Han nationality and 55 minority nationalities, t-he author organized the designation geographically-into four areas： Area 1 / Eastern or Han Area; Area 2 / Western or Minority Area; Area 3 / Southern or Sub-Nationality Area; Area 4 / Mixed Area.