面向SAR图像解译的物理可解释深度学习技术进展与探讨

深度学习技术近年来在合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像解译领域发展迅速,但当前基于数据驱动的方法通常忽视了SAR潜在的物理特性,预测结果高度依赖训练数据,甚至违背了物理认知.深层次地整合理论驱动和数据驱动的方法在SAR图像解译领域尤为重要,数据驱动的方法擅长从大规模数据中自动挖掘新模式,对物理过程能起到有效的补充;反之,在数据...

Progress and Perspective on Physically Explainable Deep Learning for Synthetic Aperture Radar Image Interpretation

Deep learning technologies have been developed rapidly in Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image interpretation. The current data-driven methods neglect the latent physical characteristics of SAR; thus, the predictions are highly dependent on training data and even violate physical laws. Deep integration of the theory-driven and data-driven approaches for SAR image interpretation is of vital importance. Additionally, the data-driven methods specialize in automatically discovering patterns from a large amount of data that serve as effective complements for physical processes, whereas the integrated interpretable physical models improve the explainability of deep learning algorithms and address the data-hungry problem. This study aimed to develop physically explainable deep learning for SAR image interpretation in signals, scattering mechanisms, semantics, and applications. Strategies for blending the theory-driven and data-driven methods in SAR interpretation are proposed based on physics machine learning to develop novel learnable and explainable paradigms for SAR image interpretation. Further, recent studies on hybrid methods are reviewed, including SAR signal processing, physical characteristics, and semantic image interpretation. Challenges and future perspectives are also discussed on the basis of the research status and related studies in other fields, which can serve as inspiration.