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Surface Characterization of Vulcanized Rubber Treated with Sulfuric Acid and its Adhesion to Polyurethane Adhesive |
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| Authors: | Carmen M. Cepeda-Jim nez M. Mercedes Pastor-blas Teresa P. Ferr ndiz-G mez Jos Miguel Martí n-Martí nez |
| Affiliation: | a Adhesion and Adhesives Laboratory, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain |
| Abstract: | Modifications produced on a vulcanized styrene -butadiene rubber surface by treatment with sulfuric acid were studied and several experimental variables were considered. The treatment of R1 rubber with sulfuric acid produced a noticeable decrease in contact angle which was mainly ascribed to an increase in surface energy due to the formation of sulfonic acid moieties and C=O bonds, and the removal of zinc stearate. The rubber surface swelled and became brittle as a result of the treatment, and when flexed microcracks were created. A rubber surface layer modification was produced with a consequent decrease in tensile strength and elongation-at-break values. The treatment enhanced the T-peel strength of R1 rubber/polyurethane adhesive joints and the locus of failure was cohesive in the rubber. The optimum immersion time in H2SO4 solution was less than 1 min., and the reaction time in air was not found to be critical; the neutralization with ammonium hydroxide and the high concentration of the sulfuric acid (95 wt%) were essential to produce adequate effectiveness of the treatment. |
| Keywords: | SBR rubber Surface treatment Sulfuric acid Contact angle ATR-IR spectroscopy SEM T-peel strength |
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