基于医学阻抗技术的乳腺癌检测方法

乳腺癌是危害妇女健康的主要恶性肿瘤之一,准确检测癌组织具有十分重要的意义,生物电阻抗测量技术利用生物组织与器官的电特性(阻抗、导纳、介电常数),提取与人体生理、病理相关的生物医学信息,具有无创和功能丰富等特点,目前,乳腺癌检测常用的阻抗测量方法包括电阻抗频谱测量、阻抗扫描成像、电阻抗断层成像技术.电阻抗频谱测量主要研究生物组织的电阻抗随着外加电信号频率的不同而表现出的变化;阻抗扫描成像是应用癌变组织与正常组织的电导(阻)率存在的差异,从而使得均匀分布在组织的外加电流或电压场产生的畸变;电阻抗断层成像则通过配置于人体体表外周的电极阵列,外加一微小测量电流,提取信息,重构出截面电阻特性的图像.经过大量的研究,有些方法已在临床获得应用.

Breast cancer detection method based on medical electrical impedance technology

The breast cancer is one of the major malignancies which are harmful to the health of women.The accurate detection of cancer is very important.Bioelectrical impedance measurement technology uses the electrical characteristics(impedance,admittance,the dielectric constant) of tissues and organs to extract the information of physiology and pathology,which is a non-invasive detection technology and provides many information of function.At the present time,the electrical impedance technology for the breast cancer detection includes electrical impedance spectroscopy measurements,electrical impedance scanning and electrical impedance tomography.The electrical impedance spectroscopy measurement researches the electrical impedance change of biological organizations with the frequency of different manifestations;Due to the difference conductivity of cancerous tissue and normal tissue,the electrical impedance scanning can measure the distortion of the uniformly distributed current(voltage) field of human tissues.The electrical impedance tomography reconstructs the impedance distribution of human tissues' cross section by applying a low current through the electrodes array located on the surface.Through a lot of research,some methods have been used in clinic.