Optimization of biodiesel production from waste fish oil |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, WC1E6BT London, United Kingdom;1. National Research & Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 202 Splaiul Independentei St., P.O. Box 194, 060021 Bucharest, Romania;2. Petroleum-Gas University of Ploiesti, 39 Bucharest Blvd., 100680 Ploiesti, Romania;3. University “POLITEHNICA” of Bucharest, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, 1-7 Polizu St., 011061 Bucharest, Romania;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Medan State Polytechnic, 20155 Medan, Indonesia;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia;1. Dicle University, Engineering Faculty, Mining Engineering Department, Diyarbakir TR-21280, Turkey;2. Dicle University, Science Faculty, Chemistry Department, Diyarbakir TR-21280, Turkey;1. Laboratory Researches of Industrial Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq;2. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Tikrit University, Salahaldeen, Iraq |
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| Abstract: | The present study deals with the production of biodiesel using waste fish oil. The research assesses the effect of the transesterification parameters on the biodiesel yield and its properties, including temperature (40–60 °C), molar ratio methanol to oil (3:1–9:1) and reaction time (30–90 min). The experimental results were fitted to complete quadratic models and optimized by response surface methodology. All the biodiesel samples presented a FAME content higher than 93 wt.% with a maximum, 95.39 wt.%, at 60 °C, 9:1 of methanol to oil ratio and 90 min. On the other hand, a maximum biodiesel yield was found at the same methanol to oil ratio and reaction time conditions but at lower temperature, 40 °C, which reduced the saponification of triglycerides by the alkaline catalyst employed. Adequate values of kinematic viscosity (measured at 30 °C) were obtained, with a minimum of 6.30 mm2/s obtained at 60 °C, 5.15:1 of methanol to oil ratio and 55.52 min. However, the oxidative stability of the biodiesels produced must be further improved by adding antioxidants because low values of IP, below 2.22 h, were obtained. Finally, satisfactory values of completion of melt onset temperature, ranging from 3.31 °C to 3.83 °C, were measured. |
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| Keywords: | Fish waste oil Biodiesel Alkaline transesterification Kinematic viscosity Oxidative stability Completion of melt onset temperature |
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