Combination effect of carbon nanotubes with graphene on intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene nanocomposites |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318001, PR China;2. Department of Materials, College of Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, PR China;3. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China;1. State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;2. Key Laboratory of Beijing City for Preparation and Processing of Novel Polymer Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;1. Research Division of Green Function Materials and Equipment, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China;2. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, PR China;1. Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru Malaysia;2. High Performance Polymer Nanocomposites Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies of Materials(IMDEA-Materials) C/Eric Kandel, 228906 Getafe, Madrid, Spain;3. School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia;4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru Malaysia;5. Department of Biocomposites Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | A novel polypropylene (PP) nanocomposite was fabricated by the incorporation of intumescent flame retardant (IFR), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene into the PP matrix. Results from TEM indicate that IFR, CNTs and exfoliated graphene nanosheets are dispersed finely in the PP matrix, which is supported by the XRD analysis results. Thermogravimetric (TGA) results show that the addition of IFR, CNTs and graphene improved the thermal stability and the char yields of PP. The PP/IFR/CNTs/RGO nanocomposites, filled with 18 wt% IFR, 1 wt% CNTs and 1 wt% graphene, achieve the limiting oxygen index value of 31.4% and UL-94 V0 grade. Cone calorimeter data reveal that combustion behavior, heat release rate peak (PHRR) and average specific extinction area (ASEA) of PP decrease substantially when combination effects of IFR, CNTs and graphene intervene. For the PP/IFR/CNTs/RGO nanocomposites, the PHRR exhibits an 83% reduction and the time of ignition is delayed 40 s compared with neat PP. |
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| Keywords: | A Polymer–matrix composites (PMCs) A Nano-structures B Thermal properties Graphene |
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