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Degradation in fatigue behavior of carbon fiber–vinyl ester based composites due to sea environment
Affiliation:1. Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur 400016, India;2. Advanced Composites Division, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore 560017, India;3. Structural Technologies Division, CSIR-National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore 560017, India;1. Interdisciplinary graduate school, ERI@N, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;2. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore;3. Energy Research Institute @ Nanyang Technological University (ERI@N), Singapore;1. Department of Mechatronics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104 Manipal, India;2. Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104 Manipal, India;3. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104 Manipal, India;1. IFREMER, Marine Structures Laboratory, Centre de Bretagne, F-29280, France;2. Ecole Centrale de Nantes, Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), F-44321 Nantes, France;3. CETIM, Technocampus EMC2, F-44340 Bouguenais, France;1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Advanced Green Energy and Environment, Handong Global University, Pohang 791-708, Republic of Korea;3. Research & Development Center, Green Science, Taebaek 235-100, Republic of Korea
Abstract:This study focuses on the effect of confined and one sided sea water confinement on the cyclic fatigue behavior of carbon fiber reinforced vinyl ester composites that serve as facings materials for naval sandwich structures. Experimental results for facings yielded failures under much lower number of cycles when fatigued under immersed conditions surrounded by sea water than in air. Water penetrates the matrix resin through diffusion and fiber/matrix interface by capillary action through micro-cracks or inter-layer delaminations. During fatigue loading, its inability to drain during the downward (compressive) cyclic loading and the near incompressibility of water induces an internal pore water pressures which dominates the progressive failure mechanism. Sea water induced fatigue degradation data and resulting microstructure changes are obtained using high resolution X-ray micro-tomography along with the implications for marine composites.
Keywords:A  Polymer–matrix composites (PMCs)  B  Environmental degradation  B  Fatigue  B  Mechanical properties
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