Hybrid application of biogas and solar resources to fulfill household energy needs: A potentially viable option in rural areas of developing countries |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Energy Technology, Aalto University School of Engineering, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland;2. Rural Electrification Board (REB), System Operation Management, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA;2. Department of Physics, Mesa+ Institute, and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, The Netherlands;1. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, PR China;2. Environmental Sciences Program, Asian University for Women, 20/A, M M Ali Road, Chattogram, Bangladesh;1. School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), 100 44, Stockholm, Sweden;2. Postgraduate Program in Renewable Energy, Institute of Physics, University of Oldenburg, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany;3. Electrical Energy Systems (EES), Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands;1. Graphic Era University, Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India;2. Alternate Hydro Energy Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247677, Uttarakhand, India;1. The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK;2. Phytobiotechnology Research Foundation (PRF), P.O. Box 921, Bamenda, Cameroon;3. University of Aberdeen, 23 St Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK |
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| Abstract: | The absence of clean cooking facilities and electricity means billions of rural people are deprived of much needed socioeconomic development. Livestock residues (dung) and solar radiation are two renewable energy resources that are abundantly available in rural areas of developing countries. Although it is not feasible for these two resources separately to meet both thermal (cooking) and electricity demands, hybrid applications have not been given due attention. To facilitate integrating these two resources in rural energy planning, and to promote their dissemination through hybrid applications, it is necessary to evaluate their economic merits, and assess their ability to deal with the demands. In this paper, we examine the techno-economic performance of hybrid applications of these two resources by applying a simulation technique using the HOMER tool, and by giving derived cost-saving equations. We also quantify the monetary savings from replacing traditional fuels, and perform a sensitivity analysis on a number of variables (e.g. dung cost, fuelwood cost) to see how they affect the performance of different energy supply alternatives. Furthermore, we examine the practical applicability of the biogas system in the households through a structured survey of 72 ongoing household biogas plants. This study finds that households that have between three and six cattle can potentially meet their cooking and electricity loads through a hybrid implementation of biogas and solar PV (Photovoltaic) system. By replacing conventional fuels households can achieve savings that are more than the total annualized costs incurred for installing new services. |
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| Keywords: | Biogas engine Solar PV Monetary saving |
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