Some metals in aboveground biomass of Scots pine in Lithuania |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, 100, Wenhwa Road, Seatwen, Taichung 40724, Taiwan, ROC;2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Sec.4, Keelung Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Eng Bld 3, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, 402 Taichung, Taiwan, ROC;4. Department of Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650 Taiwan Boulevard Section 4, Taichung 40705, Taiwan, ROC;1. The Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle, Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, PR China;2. The School of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China;3. School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia |
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| Abstract: | The stocks of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and aluminium (Al) in different compartments of the aboveground tree biomass were estimated in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in Lithuania. Simulated removals of metals due to the forest biomass extraction in a model Scots pine stands during a 100-year-long rotation period were compared with metals pools in sandy soil and the fluxes through atmospheric deposition. Applying whole tree harvesting, total removal comprised about 20 kg ha−1 of each Al and Mn, and 5 times lower amount of each Zn and Fe. The metals were mainly removed with stemwood and living branches. However, metal export with aboveground biomass represented relatively small proportion of metals in mineral sandy soil. The annual inputs of Fe and Zn with atmospheric deposition were over 10 times higher than the mean annual removals with total aboveground biomass. The content of metals in forest biomass fuel ash was relatively small to compare with their total removals. The findings of this study have an important implications for future practice, i.e. the recommended maximum forest biomass fuel ash dose for the compensating fertilising could be increased with respect to balanced output – input in Lithuania. |
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| Keywords: | Metals Aboveground tree biomass Forest biomass fuel Biofuel ash |
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