Bioenergy villages in Germany: Bringing a low carbon energy supply for rural areas into practice |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Energy Economics and the Rational Use of Energy (IER), Germany;2. National Academy of Science and Engineering (acatech), Germany;1. University of Helsinki, Snellmaninkatu 10, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland;2. Motiva Oy, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 25, Helsinki, Finland;3. Joint Research Centre, Westerduinweg 3, 1755, LE Petten, the Netherlands;1. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China;2. UNEP-Tongji Institute of Environment for Sustainable Development, Tongji University, Shanghai, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai, China;4. Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, China;1. Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA;2. Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change, Berlin, Germany;3. World Resources Institute, Washington D.C., USA;1. Chair of Energy Economics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany;2. DTU Management, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark;3. Institute of Energy, Transport and Environmental Management, FH Joanneum, Austria;4. Nuertingen-Geislingen University, Faculty of Agriculture, Economics and Management, Germany;5. Nuertingen-Geislingen University, ISR, Nuertingen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | An increasing number of rural municipalities wants to meet their entire energy demand with biomass. This article gives a system analytic view on these “bioenergy villages” by balancing pros (reduction of CO2 emissions) and cons (increasing costs, land use) using the example of a model municipality in Germany. The results indicate that a 100% energy supply based on biomass from within the boundaries of a rural municipality is technically possible but less reasonable with respect to land use competition and costs of energy supply. Whereas heat and power demand in bioenergy villages can be covered with relatively little land use and to relatively low costs, the production of transport fuel based on energy crops (rape seed) leads to significant negative impacts. For a cost-efficient decarbonization of rural areas it can therefore be recommended to particularly expand the utilization of biomass for heat and power production and to reconsider the transport fuel production. |
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