四川灾区砌体结构房屋震害与中小学建筑的抗震设计

5.12汶川8.0级特大地震造成了巨大的损失,房屋震害严重。应住房和城乡建设部的要求,同济大学组成了房屋应急评估专家组赶赴四川灾区,本文作者参加了第一批房屋应急评估工作。本文介绍了在房屋应急评估工作中所收集到的砌体结构房屋震害情况,并进行了初步分析。结合中小学砌体建筑的抗震设计,对现行规范的若干条文进行了讨论,从提高结构抗震性能的角度提出了一些建议,重点在于保证结构在大震作用下的抗倒塌能力。

Earthquake Damage of Masonry Buildings in Sichuan Province and Discussion on Seismic Design for Primary and Middle School Buildings

The 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake with Ms 8.0 caused huge loss and severe damage of buildings.On the request of the ministry of housing and urban-rural development,Tongji University organized expert groups for carrying out the site urgent structural assessment of buildings in the disaster area of Sichuan province.The authors joined the first expert group.In this paper,the outlines of the urgent structural assessment and the structural conditions of the damaged buildings are introduced.The features and reasons of earthquake damage information are primarily analyzed.Aimed at the seismic design of buildings of primary and middle school,some discussions on the regulations of current code are made and some suggestions are proposed to enhance the seismic capacity of building structures with emphasis on the anti-collapse capacity under strong earthquakes.