半干化含聚油泥的微波热处理过程研究

采用微波加热技术对半干化含聚油泥的热处理过程进行了研究。实验结果表明：在微波作用下,半干化含聚油泥的热处理过程分为五个阶段：快速升温区段、微波干化区段、烃类物质微波蒸发区段、微波热解区段和微波焚烧区段。其中,半干化含聚油泥的热解温度一般为370℃～450℃。含聚油泥质量的增加,对半干化含聚油泥的微波热处理过程特征没有影响;随着含水率的减少,半干化含聚油泥的微波干化过程将消失;而微波功率的增加,含聚油泥的微波热处理过程加快。在半干化含聚油泥微波热处理过程中,所冷凝回收的液相油品主要成分为汽油、柴油和重油,并且汽油、柴油的总含量达到70%,回收油的品质较好。含聚油泥微波800℃焚烧残渣的重金属离子溶出量大大低于国家标准值,作为微波吸收剂,加入到含聚油泥中可使微波热处理过程显著加快,说明残渣炭作为微波吸收剂是微波技术处理半干化含聚油泥的有效节能方法,值得进一步研究。

Microwave Heat Treatment Process of Half-dried Oil Sludge Containing PAC

The microwave heat treatment process of half-dried oil sludge containing PAC was studied. The experimental results showed this process was divided into five stages: rapidly-increasing temperature stage, microwave drying stage, microwave evaporation stage of heavy hydro-carbon, microwave pyrolysis stage and microwave burning stage. The microwave pyrolysis temperature of half-dried oil sludge containing PAC is 370℃～450℃.There was no effect of the mass of half-dried oil sludge containing PAC on the characteristic of microwave heat treatment process. There was no microwave drying process if oil sludge containing PAC contained much less water, resulting in changing the characteristic of microwave heat treatment process. The process would be speeded up with increasing microwave power. The liquid oil recovering from the process was com-posed of gasoline, diesel oil and heavy oil. The proportion of gasoline and diesel oil in liquid oil is about 70%. The quality of liquid oil is very good. The concentration of dissolved heavy metal ions from residue char was much lower than that of national standard. The addition of residue char as mi-crowave absorber into half-dried oil sludge containing PAC can accelerate its microwave heat treatment process. This means that char as microwave absorber is a save energy way for treating half-dried oil sludge containing PAC with mi-crowave heat, and that the half-dried oil sludge containing PAC can be treated with microwave heat technology for harmless, resource and less residues.