基于遗传算法的多级主压阀动态特性优化

多级主调压阀作为自动变速器液压控制系统的关键元件，其动态特性直接影响系统的快速性、稳定性和控制精度。在对阀进行结构参数优化时，先凭借经验对参数逐个调整再通过试验验证的方法，效率低且不能保证阀的性能最优。根据多级主压阀工作原理建立了多级主压阀数学模型；搭建多级主压阀Simulink仿真模型，通过分析多级主调压阀各结构参数对阀入口压力动态响应特性的影响，选取弹簧刚度、弹簧预压缩量和阻尼孔直径作为待优化变量；利用MATLAB优化工具箱中提供的遗传算法与Simulink结合对多级主调压阀的动态性能进行优化，并搭建试验台进行试验验证。仿真和试验结果表明：优化后多级主调压阀静态特性良好，负载流量突增时主压压力降低现象得到了改善，响应时间短，动态性能好。

Optimization of Dynamic Characteristics of Multistage Main Pressure Valve Based on Genetic Algorithm

As the key component of the hydraulic control system of automatic transmission, the dynamic characteristics of multistage main pressure regulating valve directly affect the rapidity, stability and control accuracy of the system. When optimizing the structural parameters of the valve, the method of adjusting the parameters one by one with experience and then passing the test verification is inefficient and can not guarantee the optimal performance of the valve. A mathematical model of a multi-stage main pressure valve was established based on its working principle. The Simulink simulation model of the multi-stage main pressure regulating valve was built. By analyzing the influence of various structural parameters of multi-stage main pressure regulating valve on the dynamic response characteristics of valve inlet pressure, the spring stiffness, spring preloading shrinkage and damping hole diameter were selected as the variables to be optimized. The genetic algorithm provided in the MATLAB optimization toolbox was combined with Simulink to optimize the dynamic performance of the multi-stage main pressure regulating valve, and a test bench was built for experimental verification. The simulation and experimental results show that the optimized multi-stage main pressure regulating valve has good static characteristics, and the phenomenon of main pressure reducing when the load flow suddenly increases has been improved. The response time is short, and the dynamic performance is good.