少稀土组合磁极Halbach永磁同步电机性能和材料成本研究

稀土永磁同步电机性能优越，但稀土永磁材料价格昂贵导致电机成本增加。因此，提出了一种新型少稀土永磁同步电机，其永磁体采用组合磁极Halbach结构。分析了少稀土组合磁极永磁同步电机的结构特点，并在此基础上，提出了少稀土T型、HAT型和LREH型三种组合磁极Halbach永磁同步电机拓扑结构。从电机空载反电动势、空载齿槽转矩和额定负载电磁转矩等方面分析了三种拓扑结构少稀土永磁同步电机，并与稀土永磁同步电机进行对比分析。在等转矩条件下研究了钕铁硼和铁氧体两种永磁体厚度对少稀土组合磁极永磁同步电机材料成本的影响。对比分析了稀土永磁同步电机和三种少稀土永磁同步电机的材料成本。有限元仿真结果表明LREH型少稀土组合磁极Halbach永磁同步电机具有更好的转矩性能和更低的材料成本。

Research on Performance and Material Cost of Halbach Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor with Less Rare Earth Combined Magnet Poles

The rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has superior performance, but the high price of rare earth permanent magnet material leads to the increase of motor cost. A new type of permanent magnet synchronous motor with less rare earth is presented, and the permanent magnet is of the combined magnet poles Halbach structure. The structural characteristics of the less rare earth combined pole permanent magnet synchronous motor are analyzed, and on this basis, three kinds of combined magnet poles Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor topology structures of T-type, HAT type and LREH type are proposed. Three less rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motors are analyzed in terms of no-load back electromotive force, no-load cogging torque and rated load electromagnetic torque and compared with rare-earth permanent magnet synchronous motors. The effect of the thickness of NdFeB and ferrite permanent magnets on the material cost of less rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor with combined magnet poles is studied under equal torque conditions. The material costs of rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor and three kinds of less rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor is compared. Finite element simulation results show that LREH type less rare earth combined pole Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor has better torque performance and lower material cost.