The Antifungal Compound Totarol of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Thujopsis dolabrata</Emphasis> var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">hondai</Emphasis> Seeds Selects for Fungi on Seedling Root Surfaces |
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Authors: | Keiko Yamaji Shigeta Mori Masaru Akiyama Atsushi Kato Tadakazu Nakashima |
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Affiliation: | (1) Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennoudai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan;(2) Tohoku Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 92-25 Nabeyashiki, Shimo-Kuriyagawa Morioka, Iwate 020-0123, Japan;(3) Horonobe Research Institute for the Subsurface Environment, Northern Advancement Center for Science and Technology, 5-3 Sakaemachi, Horonobe-cho, Teshio-gun, Hokkaido 098-3221, Japan;(4) Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan |
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Abstract: | Hinoki-asunaro (Thujopsis dolabrata Sieb. et Zucc. var. hondai Makino) is a tree endemic in Japan whose seeds produce several terpenoids. We hypothesized that antifungal compounds in seeds
might select for fungi on the root surfaces of T. dolabrata var. hondai seedlings. We examined seed and soil fungi, their sensitivity to methanol extracts of the seeds, the fungi on root surfaces
of seedlings grown in Kanuma pumice (a model mineral soil) and nursery soil, and the frequency at which each fungus was detected
on the seedling root surface. We calculated correlation coefficients between fungal detection frequency on root surfaces and
fungal sensitivity to seed extracts. We also isolated from the seeds the antifungal compound totarol that selected for fungi
on root surfaces. Species of Alternaria, Cladosporium, Pestalotiopsis, and Phomopsis were the most frequently isolated fungi from seeds. Mortierella and Mucor were the dominant fungi isolated from Kanuma pumice, whereas Umbelopsis and Trichoderma were the main fungi isolated from nursery soil. Alternaria, Cladosporium, Mortierella, Pestalotiopsis, and Phomopsis were the dominant fungi isolated from root surfaces of seedlings grown in Kanuma pumice, and Alternaria, Cladosporium, Pestalotiopsis, Phomopsis, and Trichoderma were the main root-surface fungi isolated from seedlings grown in nursery soil. The fungal detection frequencies on root
surfaces in both soils were significantly and negatively correlated with fungal sensitivity to the seed extract. A similar
correlation was found between the fungal detection frequency on root surfaces and fungal sensitivity to totarol. We conclude
that totarol is one factor that selects for fungi on root surfaces of T. dolabrata var. hondai in the early growth stage. |
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Keywords: | Thujopsis dolabrata var hondai Seed fungi Soil fungi Rhizosphere Antifungal compound Totarol |
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