株冶和韶冶锌冶炼过程的生命周期评价和清洁生产措施

以株洲冶炼厂湿法炼锌工艺与韶关冶炼厂火法炼锌工艺为代表,进行锌冶炼工艺生命周期评价研究。结果表明,株冶锌冶炼过程的GWP低于韶冶,而GER、ACP明显高于韶冶。株冶、韶冶在ACP、GWP与国外先进水平存在明显差距。韶冶的烧结、熔炼、动力与电站及株冶的渣处理、辅助工序是锌冶炼过程环境改善的关键。煤、焦等脏能源的大量使用是造成中国锌冶炼过程高酸雨气体与温室气体排放的主要原因。提出氧化锌吸收处理低浓度S02烟气、韶冶能源结构调整及株冶挥发窑原料结构调整与工艺生产改造等清洁生产措施。

Life Cycle Assessment and Clean Production of Zinc Metallurgical Process in Zhuzhou Smelter and Shaoguan Smelter

Taking Zhuzhou Smelter and Shaoguan Smelter as the examples of zinc hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy technologies, the life cycle assessment is performed for zinc metallurgical process. The LCA results show that the GWP of Zhuzhou Smelter is lower whereas GER and ACP are higher than Shaoguan Smelter, and there is great difference between advanced foreign zinc metallurgical process and that of Zhuzhou Smelter and Shaoguan Smetler. The sintering, smelting and power supply and station in Shaoguan Smelter, and the residue handling and auxiliary processes in Zhuzhou Smelter are the main sub modules to improve. The use of "dirty" energy such as coal and coke in zinc metallurgical process in China results in the increase of acid rain and greenhouse gas emission. On the basis of LCA, the measures on environmental improvement and cleaner production such as removing the low concentration SO 2 from flue gas by zinc oxide absorption, regulating the structure of energy source of Shaoguan Smelter and adjusting the material of Waelz rotary furnace of Zhuzhou Smelter are proposed.