用可聚合表面活性剂在超声辐照下乳液聚合制备聚苯乙烯纳米粒子

合成了一种离子型可聚合表面活性剂马来酸酐衍生物磺酸钠(M12),它既可作为乳化剂又能充当引发剂,在超声辐照下乳液聚合制备了聚苯乙烯纳米粒子。产物的红外光谱分析表明,可聚合表面活性剂与苯乙烯发生了共聚,随M12加入量的增加,M12共聚组成提高。用凝胶渗透色谱、透射电镜对超声辐照乳液聚合产物的分子量、乳胶粒形貌和大小进行了表征,发现得到的是高分子量(>106)的聚苯乙烯纳米粒子,粒径为15nm～45nm,分布较窄。对该聚合反应影响因素的研究结果表明,表面活性剂M12浓度增加、超声波输出功率增加、温度升高、加快氮气流速和单体浓度减少都有利于提高单体转化率。

STUDY ON ULTRASONICALLY INITIATED EMULSION POLYMERIZATION OF STYRENE IN THE PRESENCE OF A REACTIVE SURFACTANT

A kind of ionic reactive surfactant sodium sulfopropyl-laurylmaleate (M12) was synthesized which is used as not only the emulsifier but also the initiator to prepare polystyrene nanoparticles in ultrasonically irradiated emulsion polymerization. The FT-IR spectrum of product indicated that copolymer P(S-M12) is prepared and the composition of M12 elevates with the increase concentration of M12 added. The molecular weight, particle morphology and particle size were investigated by GPC and TEM. It shows that the P(S-M12) with high molecular weight (>10~6) and the nanoparticles with small diameters (20 nm~45 nm) are prepared. Studies on influence factors of the polymerization reaction indicated that the polymerization rate is improved with the increase of M12 concentration, ultrasonic power output, temperature and velocity of N_2 flow, and the decrease of the monomer concentration.