基于最优潮流的实时电价及其遗传算法实现

基于分布式母线的解耦最优潮流（OPF）问题推导出一种新的实时电价模型，并用遗传算法解最优潮流问题，用扩展拉格朗日乘子法把最优潮流无约化，扩展拉格朗日乘子法可以把最倨潮流问题的等式约束和不等式约束与原目标函数集成起来，并且拉格朗日乘子含有丰富的经济意义。通过它们可以把各种约束因素转化成电价分量。然后由遗传算法对拉格朗日函数进行运算，求出最优潮流问题的解，最终根据实时电价模型求出各母线处的电价。另一个重要工作就是应用潮流分解计算每个母线的注入功率在输电网络中引起的实际潮流分布，根据其实际分布来分摊网络输电固定费用。在14母线IEEE标准系统上对所提出的模型进行了测试，表明了该模型具有良好性能和实用价值。

CALCULATION OF SPOT PRICE BASED ONOPTIMAL POWER FLOW SOLVED BY GENETIC ALGORITHM

On the basis of decoupled optimal power flow (OPF) of distributed buses a flexible model for spot prices is deduced while the OPF is solved by Genetic Algorithm (GA). By use of augmented Lagrangian Multiplier Methodology the OPF is unrestrained, the equality and inequality restraint of OPF can be integrated with original objective function by this methodology. Through the Lagrangian Multiplier which has abundant economic meaning the various restraint factors can be transformed into components of the spot price. Then the Lagrangian function is operated on by GA and the solution of OPF is obtained. Finally, based on the spot price model the electricity prices at each bus are found. The another content of this paper is to calculate the practical power flow distribution caused by the power injected into each bus in transmission network, and the fixed transmission cost is apportioned according to the practical power flow distribution. The proposed model is tested in IEEE 14 bus standard system, the results show that this model has good performance and can be used in practice.