内蒙古河套灌区渠井优化调度水盐动态研究

根据内蒙古河套灌区引黄灌溉工程实际，对渠井联合运用优化调度地面水和地下水后的地下水位调控规律、土壤水盐动态特征、灌溉土壤盐分变化等进行了分析。通过渠井优化调度、以灌代徘利用地下水，改变了灌区水盐动态形成条件，地厂水位下降，夏灌期地下水平均埋深为１．８８ｍ，秋灌期为１．８７ｍ，秋浇期为１．５０ｍ，冻融期为１．７８ｍ。地下水矿化度逐渐减小，淋洗排盐作用增强，表层土壤积盐过程改变为土壤逐步脱盐过程，水盐动态进入良性循环。渠井联合运用的优化决策，可广泛应用于河套引黄灌区灌排工程配套及管理之中。

Analysis on Water and Salinity Variations Due to Optimum Operation of Cannel and Well in Hetao Irrigation District of inner Mongolia

ccording to the practical condition of the Hetao irrigation district in the inner Mongolia, this paper analyzed the characteristics of ground water level, the dynamic characteristics of water and salinity contents in soil, and the variation of soil salinity when surface water and ground water were operated conjunctively. Through canal and well optimum operation and using well irrigation as the drainage of grounder water, the dynamic state of soil water -salinity was changed and the ground water level was lowered. The mineralization degree of the ground water was reduced gradually and the salinity leaching and drainage were strengthened. The salification of the top soil was transformed gradually into desalination. thus the dynamic state of soil water-salinity turn into a good circulation.The optimum policy of conjunctive operation of canal and well can be widely used in irrigation engineering management of the Hetao irrigation district.