Female sex pheromone of the pickleworm,Diaphania nitidalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) |
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Authors: | J. A. Klun B. A. Leonhardt M. Schwarz A. Day A. K. Raina |
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Affiliation: | (1) Insect Chemical Ecology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 20705 Beltsville, Maryland;(2) Vegetable Insects Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 29407 Charleston, South Carolina;(3) Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, 20742 College Park, Maryland |
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Abstract: | Heptane extracts of the ovipositors from pickleworm adults (Diaphania nitidalis) were found to contain (E)-11-hexadecenal along with proportionally smaller amounts of (Z)-11-hexadecenal, (E)- and (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol, hexadecanol, hexadecanal, and a trace amount of (E,Z)-10,12-hexadecadienal. Assays conducted in a flight tunnel and in the field showed that a synthetic mixture of the five unsaturated compounds elicited behavioral responses from pickleworm males that were indistinguishable from those elicited by extracts of the female or by mate-calling females. When any component was deleted from the set of five unsaturated compounds, the intensity and extent of male responses to the resulting mixtures were significantly attenuated. The female sex pheromone of the pickleworm resembles the pheromone of a congeneric species,D. hyalinata, but bioassays indicated that (E,E)-10,12-hexadecadienal, produced byD. hyalinata but not by the pickleworm, plays a role in pheromonal specificity. |
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Keywords: | Diaphania nitidalis D. hyalinata pickleworm melonworm Lepidoptera Pyralidae (E)-11-hexadecenal (E,Z)-10,12-hexadecadienal (E,E)-10 12-hexadecadienal sex pheromone pheromonal specificity flight-tunnel bioassays |
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