工业蒸汽管道断裂原因分析

一条蒸汽管道在运行过程中突然发生断裂,化学成分及力学性能分析证明管道材质良好。然而,金相和断口分析表明管道与固定支架的焊接接头存在缺陷,而该接头部位恰好是应力集中较严重的区域。进一步的力学分析解释了焊接接头处存在高峰值应力的原因,并表明管道壁厚太薄以至于不能承受恶劣的应力状况。另外,对出现汽锤或水击的可能性以及可能带来的影响进行了探讨。在综合以上分析的基础上,给出如下结论:断裂源头位于蒸汽管道与某固定支架的焊接接头处,裂纹源的扩展导致了整根管道的断裂,裂纹扩展的原因包括焊接质量不佳、管道设计壁厚过小以及接头结构设计不合理等。

Cause Analysis of the Rupture of Steam Pressure Pipes for Industrial Use

A steam pressure pipe broke into pieces in the course of normal operation. The chemical composition and mechanical property analyses proved that the material of the pipe was good. However,the metallographic examination and fractographic observation showed that there were some defects in the weld joint of the pipe and the fixed bracket,where there was a zone of high stress concentration. Furthermore,mechanical analysis of the weld joint explained the reason why there was high peak stress and it indicated tha...