固相烧结低钨含量W-Ni-Fe合金的微观结构与力学性能

采用固相烧结工艺(1 300℃保温1 h)制备低钨含量(质量分数为60%~80%)的W-Ni-Fe合金,测定合金的抗拉强度、抗压强度和伸长率,利用金相显微镜观察合金的显微组织,并通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察合金断口形貌,研究钨含量对固相烧结W-Ni-Fe合金力学性能与微观结构的影响。结果表明:随钨含量降低,合金的孔隙率和平均孔径减小,抗拉强度增大,伸长率显著提高,抗压强度变化不大。W含量为60%~80%的W-Ni-Fe合金,其孔隙率为17.8%~21.4%,抗拉强度为231~262 MPa,抗压强度2 450~2 550 MPa,伸长率为0.3%~2.3%,压拉比为9.45~11.04,都能满足易碎型穿甲弹弹芯材料的性能要求。

Microstructure and mechanical property of W-Ni-Fe alloys with lower tungsten content fabricated by solid state sintering

W-Ni-Fe alloys with low tungsten content (60%?80%, mass fraction) were prepared by solid state sintering. The mechanical properties including tensile strength, compression strength and elongation of the sample were tested. The microstructure and fracture morphology were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of tungsten content on mechanical properties and microstructure of W-Ni-Fe alloys after solid state sintering were also studied. The results show that, with decreasing tungsten content, the porosity and average pore size of alloys decrease, tensile strength increases, elongation increases significantly, and compression strength changes a little. The W-Ni-Fe alloys with tungsten content in the range of 60%?80% have porosity of 17.8%?21.4%, tensile strength of 231?262 MPa, compressive strength of 2 450?2 550MPa, elongation of 0.3%?2.3%, and the proportion of compressive strength and tensile strength of 9.45?11.04, which all meet the requirements of the fragile armour-piercing projectile.