离子液体在生物质溶解分离中的应用与机理研究

生物质是自然界中最丰富的可再生资源之一，将生物质转化为高附加值化工产品首先要进行生物质预处理，即利用物理、化学和生物等手段削弱细胞壁分子之间的作用，使生物质更容易降解。离子液体具有诸多优异的物理和化学性质，在众多领域引起了广泛关注，近年来在生物质预处理过程中同样展现出良好的效果。综述了近年来离子液体作为木质纤维素溶剂的主要研究成果，重点介绍了溶解机理方面相关研究。介绍了阴阳离子种类及氢键的影响，总结了木质纤维素与离子液体在分子水平上的相互作用机制，最后探讨了离子液体溶解生物质方面的发展前景。

Study on application and mechanism of ionic liquids in biomass dissolution and separation

Biomass is one of the most abundant renewable resources in nature. To convert biomass into high value-added chemical products, biomass pretreatment must be carried out. Chemical, physical and biological methods are used to disrupt the interactions between cell wall components, making biomass easier to degrade. Ionic liquids have drawn widespread attention in many fields due to their excellent physical and chemical properties. Many ionic liquids have shown good effects in biomass pretreatment. In this paper, recent researches on ionic liquids as lignocellulose solvent systems are discussed, with focuses on the mechanism of molecular level interaction between ionic liquids and lignocellulose. The effects of ion types and hydrogen bonds are also discussed. This paper also gives the development prospect of ionic liquid as biomass solvent.