“风-源-盆”三元耦合油气储集体预测方法及其应用——对非主力物源区储集体的解释与预测

中国大多数主要含油气盆地已进入成熟勘探期,非主力物源区的剩余油气资源变得越来越重要,成为油气勘探的重要接替目标。非主力物源区的剩余油气藏隐蔽性强、难识别,严重制约着该类油气藏的勘探与开发。基于"风场-物源-盆地"系统（"风-源-盆"三元耦合）沉积学的新理论,总结了一整套隐蔽型优质储集体的精准识别和预测方法。方法核心是"风-源-盆"三元耦合的"六古恢复"技术,即古风向恢复、古风力恢复、古波况恢复、古地貌恢复、古水深恢复和古物源恢复。在古水深、古地貌、古物源等常规古地理分析的基础上,增加古风场和古波浪场的恢复,能够准确划分湖泊的水动力分带,如浪基面、破浪带、碎浪带和冲浪回流带的分布范围。通过将水动力分带古水深、古地貌与古物源恢复图叠合分析,可准确划分沉积体系的成因类型,进而解决储集体平面定位与规模预测的难题。"风-源-盆"三元耦合优质储集体预测方法解决了传统方法在非主力物源区、非大型构造区难以指导油气勘探的难题,实现了隐蔽型优质储集体的精准预测。

Ternary “Windfield-Source-Basin” system for the prediction of hydrocarbon reservoirs: interpretation and prediction of hydrocarbon reservoirs deviated from the main provenance areas

Most major petroliferous basins in China have entered a mature exploration period; the remaining oil and gas resources in non-major provenance areas have become more and more important as being the crucial alternative targets for oil and gas exploration. Howerver, the remaining oil and gas reservoirs in non-major provenance areas are highly concealed and difficult to be identified, which severely restricts the exploration and development of this type of reservoirs. Based on the research idea of "Windfiled-Source-Basin" systematic sedimentology, this paper summarizes a set of accurate identification and prediction methods for subtle high-quality reservoirs. This method focuses on the restoration technique of "six paleogeographic factors" based on "Windfield-Source-Basin" ternary coupling, involving the restoration of paleo-wind direction, paleo-wind strength, paleo-wave conditions, paleogeomorphology, paleo-water depth and ancient provenance. Based on the conventional paleogeographic analysis of above six paleogeographic factors, the restoration of paleo-wind field and paleo-wave field further proposed in this paper can help accurately divide the hydrodynamic zoning of the lake, such as the distribution range of wave base, breaker zone and swash-backwash zone. By superimposing hydrodynamic zoning maps and the restoration maps of paleo-water depth, paleogeomorphology and paleo-provenance, we can accurately classify the genetic types of sedimentary bodies, and solve problems on the plane positioning and scale prediction of reservoirs. The "Windfield-Source-Basin" deposition model and the positioning method of ternary coupling high-quality reservoir solve the problems that when using conventional methods, it is difficult to guide oil and gas exploration in non-major provenance and non-large tectonic areas, and realize the accurate prediction of subtle high-quality reservoirs.