国外矿井水利用现状及特点分析

利用方式和处理技术是影响矿井水利用的最主要因素，因此通过大量的文献和调查研究，对国外主要矿业国家的矿井水利用方式和处理技术进行了分析总结。目前国外矿井水利用方式除了自身生产利用外，主要还包括生活饮用水、工业用水、灌溉用水、环境用水、回注地下和用于蓄热等，同时矿井水达标外排也较为普遍。国外的矿井水利用处理技术主要包括反渗透、纳滤等主动处理技术和人工湿地、可渗透反应墙等被动处理技术，更重视对低能耗、低维护的被动处理技术的开发与应用。此外，国外发达国家还普遍重视对矿井水进行分类收集，对废弃矿井排水进行处理利用等。对国外现状的研究可给我国矿井水利用提供学习和借鉴。

Current status and characteristics of mine water reuse in foreign countries

Reuse ways and treatment technologies are the most important factors affecting mine water reuse. Therefore, through a large number of literatures and investigations, the reuse ways and treatment technologies of mine water in major foreign mining countries are analyzed and summarized. At present, in addition to mining production reuse, foreign mine water reuse ways mainly include domestic drinking, industrial uses, irrigation, environmental uses and heat supply, etc. At the same time, mine water discharge is also common. Foreign mine water treatment technologies mainly include active treatment technologies such as reverse osmosis, and passive treatment technologies such as constructed wetland. More emphasis is placed on the development and application of passive treatment technologies with low energy consumption and low maintenance. In addition, foreign developed countries also generally pay attention to mine water classification collection, and the treatment of abandoned mine drainage, etc. The research on the current situation of foreign countries can provide a higher learning significance for the mine water reuse in China.