河冰水力学研究进展

北方地区的河流冬季会形成冰盖，继而可能导致冰冻期或开河期的冰塞，冰塞是最严重的河冰问题之一，冰盖和冰塞的堆积导致水流阻力增加，使上游水位上涨并可产生凌洪，也会形成冰期的河床演变．由于问题的重要性，国内外相关领域的专家都很关注，对目前国内外河冰水力学研究的现状进行了综述和分析，内容主要涉及原型观测、试验研究和数学模型及计算机模拟等方面，提出了今后研究的方向。

Recent development in researching river ice hydraulics

The ice cover on water courses in north China generally lasts for several months in winter and problems associated with the formation of ice jams occur almost every year, during the freeze-up period or during the thaw period. Ice jams are one of the most severe problems of river ice. Ice cover and jams accumulations may cause high flow resistance,and this usually leads to ice floods and fluvial process as a result of water level rise in upstream river sections. Experts at home and abroad now concern these problems very much. The paper discusses the existing research situations of river ice hydraulics in China and other countries,and the main components of this problem are prototype observations,experimental research,mathematical model, computerized simulation, research work to be done in the future.