改变爆炸空洞形状，增强下传激发能量

随着地震勘探向盆地周边复杂地区的不断深入，激发炸药量越来越大，传统的深井、大药量、长药柱激发方式暴露出面波干扰和次生干扰严重、激发下传能量较小等许多弊病，造成勘探地区资料信噪比低的局面。文章根据前人研究的激发空洞形状与前方某点的波动能量关系的理论，定量地研究了激发产生不同形状爆炸空洞对不同方向、不同距离介质点的能量贡献大小，提出了一种可实施的能增强下传激发能量的激发方式，并在川东方斗山构造南段进行了野外试验。实践证明，此方法技术科学可靠，可操作性强，收到了很好的效果，这对复杂地区地震勘探取得成功具有较大的指导意义。

ENHANCING DOWNGOING SHOOTING ENERGY THROUGH OPTIMIZING SHAPE OF SHOOTING CAVERN

Along with seismic survey progressively extending to the complex periphery areas of a basin, the quantity of explosive for shooting is getting larger and larger and the traditional shooting methods, i.e. deep shot hole, large quantity of explosive and long explosive column, show many disadvantages, such as serious surface wave and secondary interferences and low downgoing shooting energy, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratio. Based on the theory of the relation between the shape of shooting cavern and wave propagation energy at certain point ahead, the contributions of shooting caverns with different shapes to the energy of medium points with different distances in different directions are quantitatively determined. A practical shooting method that can enhance downgoing shooting energy is presented and is field-tested in the southern section of Fangdoushan structure in the eastern Sichuan Basin. It is scientific, reliable and steadily operable and is of great significance to seismic exploration in complex areas.