公路隧道围岩压力研究与发展

由于岩土体性质、地应力、边界条件、施工过程等方面的复杂性和随机性,使得公路隧道围岩压力的确定或计算变得十分困难.近百多年来,国内外的学者不断地结合新工艺、新技术,从不同角度出发对其进行了深入的研究,从最初的松动压力到现在的形变压力、从经验公式法到反分析预测法等,取得了不少有价值的成果.但随着近年来公路隧道的结构越来越复杂、断面越来越大,现有的这些围岩压力的计算方法已很难满足其建设的需要,发展更加合理的围岩压力计算方法已经成为一种迫切的需要.作者首先对经验公式法、理论计算法、现场量测法、模型试验法和反分析预测法等围岩压力计算方法的研究和发展进行分析和评价,指出这些方法中普遍存在的问题.在此基础上对我国公路、铁路隧道中经验公式的适应性和适用性进行了重点讨论,旨在为公路隧道围岩压力计算的研究和发展提供借鉴和参考意义.

Research and Development on Surrounding Rock Pressure of Road Tunnel

It is very difficult to calculate or determine the surrounding rock pressure of road tunnel because of complication and randomness of the rock mass character, parameter of ground stress, boundary condition and construction process. Since the 20th century, lots of scholars have been studying it from different angle with the new technique and method profoundly, such as from loosening - pressure to deformation - pressure and from the experience formula to the back analysis method, and many research productions have been acquired. However, with more and more complexity and large cross - section of tunnel structure, current calculation methods of surrounding rock pressure can not answer the needs of construction of road tunnel in large degree. Therefore, development of more appropriate calculation method of surrounding rock pressure is an imminent need currently. In this paper, the empirical formula, theoretical calculation, in -situ measurement, model -experiment, back analysis as the methods to obtain surrounding rock pressure of tunnel are generalized and analyzed, and the problems of these methods are also pointed out and discussed. Then, the applicability of empirical formulas of surrounding rock pressure of road and railway tunnel in China is studied. This paper aims to provide references for study and development of surrounding rock pressure of road tunnel.