浅谈灌溉试验站建设与运行管理

灌溉试验是发展高效节水灌溉、促进灌区现代化建设的重要依据。根据多年从事灌溉试验和灌溉试验站管理经验,结合灌区现代化建设需求,对灌溉试验站建设与运行管理进行了深入探讨,认为:灌溉试验站应具备试验研究、资料收集、技术推广、技术培训、学术交流和节水科普等功能;建设内容包括大田试区、测坑试区、大型蒸渗器试区、气象观测站、实验室、水源工程及灌排系统、办公生活区等;应加强选址、设计、施工和验收等环节的建设管理。最后,从机构队伍建设、财政支持、科研合作、评价考核等方面提出了灌溉试验站运行管理的建议。研究成果可为新建试验站建设与规划和已有灌溉试验站的升级改造提供参考。

Construction and Operation Management of IrrigationExperiment Station

Irrigation experiment is an essential basis for developing highly efficient water saving irrigation and promoting irrigation area modernization. According to experiences of irrigation experiment and management of irrigation experiment station for many years and in light of the demands of irrigation area modernization, we made an in-depth exploration on the construction and management of irrigation experiment station. The main functions of irrigation experiment station should include experimental research, data collecting, technique popularizing and training, academic exchanging, and water saving science education. The construction of irrigation experiment station should involve field experiment area, leaching-pond experiment area, lysimeter experiment area, meteorological observation station, laboratory, water source project, irrigation and drainage project, and office and living quarter. The location selection, designing, construction and quality acceptance management should be enhanced. Finally, suggestions on the operational management of irrigation experiment station were put forward from the points of group construction, financial support, scientific research cooperation, and assessment and evaluation. The results provide reference for the construction and planning of new irrigation experiment stations, and for the upgrading and reconstruction of existing experiment stations.