阀控铅酸蓄电池分段恒流充电特性的研究

通过对电动自行车用阀控铅酸(VRLA)蓄电池特性的分析,研究了一种新的充电方法——分段恒流充电法。对首段充电电流及充电电流段数进行了研究,结果表明:采用首段0.5 C充电,4段或5段恒流充电法,可使充电时间缩短到小于150 min,同时电池的循环寿命达到大于250次,与恒压限流充电方式比较,分段恒流充电方式不仅充电时间短,而且电池温升低、失水少、循环寿命提高1倍以上。此外,采用恒流充电法还可以消除由于充电方法不当造成的电池极板硫化,使电池恢复容量。对电池性能衰减机理的研究表明:多段恒流充电能抑制VRLA电池正极板活性物质的软化和负极板活性物质的硫酸盐化。

Study on the multi-stage constant current charging method for VRLA battery system

A new method of multi-stage constant charge for valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) battery system of electric bicycle has been studied in this paper. The first-stage charging current magnitude and the number of stage for charging current were researched. The results show that if the battery is charged at 0.5 C for the first stage and at constant current for the fourth and fifth stage, then it can be full charged in less than 150 min, and cycle life can reach 250 times. Compare to the constant-voltage limitary-current charging method, multi-stage constant-current charging method can shorten charging time, reduce temperature raising, lessen water losing, and longer cycle life. In addition, multi-stage constant-current charging eliminats the sulfuration of grids caused by unsuited charging, and recovers the capacity of the battery. Investigation of the degradation mechanism of VRLA batteries reveal that the conditions of multi-stage constant-current charging suppress softening of cathode active materials and sulphating of anode active materials .