杨梅中主要花色苷的组成与结构

采用V(甲醇)∶V(甲酸)=19∶1溶液提取杨梅中的花色苷,并用阳离子交换树脂初步纯化得到杨梅花色苷提取物,然后以水-正丁醇-甲基叔丁基醚(TBME)-乙腈-三氟乙酸(TFA)(体积比5∶2∶1.5∶1∶0.001)为溶剂系统,用高速逆流色谱对杨梅花色苷进行分离。再由C18柱色谱纯化后,得到2种主要的花色苷单体Ⅰ和Ⅱ。经ESI-MS和NMR鉴定为矢车菊色素-3-β-吡喃型葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)和飞燕草色素-3-葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)。另外,文中对3个杨梅品种的花色苷组成进行了分析,结果表明,矢车菊色素-3-β-吡喃型葡萄糖苷是杨梅花色苷的主要组成成分,占花色苷总量的90%以上。

The Structure Composition Analysis and Elucidation of Anthocyanins in Waxberry

The anthocyanins in waxberry were extracted by the mixture solvent composed of methanol-formic acid(9∶1,v/v)and pre-purified by cation exchange resin column chromatography.The waxberry was then separated by countercurrent chromatography with a solvent system composed of water-n-butanol-tert butyl methyl ester-acetonitrile-trifuoroacetic acid(5∶2∶1.5∶1∶0.001,v/v),and purified with C18 column chromatography to yield cyanidin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(I)and delphinidin-3-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside(II).The chemical structure was elucidated by ESI-MS,1H-NMR and 13C-NMR.The composition analysis of anthocyanins in three waxberries showed that cyanidin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside was the main anthocyanin monomer,more than 90% of the total anthocyanins.