净化颗粒物用空气过滤材料性能测试与对比

针对修订的《采暖通风与空气调节设计规范》中PM10浓度小于0．15mg／m^3的要求，设计了空气净化材料过滤性能测试台。采用环境气溶胶中颗粒物PM10、PM25、PM18为过滤对象，存0．2m／s、0．8m／s、1．2m／s过滤风速下，对熔喷类、针刺类、复合类过滤材料的过滤性能进行了测试。测试结果表明，荷电纤维滤料具有低阻高效性能。荷电针刺纤维滤料阻力在200Pa以下，过滤效率在70％以上，低风速时可以达到95％，但不带荷电的针刺纤维过滤效率在20％-40％以下。熔喷纤维滤料的过滤效率在50％～80％之间，随着过滤风速的提高阻力增加较快。

The Testing and Contrast of Performance of Different Filtration Fabrics for Particle Purification

An experimental apparatus is designed to test the purifying performance of filtration fabric complying with the newly emended code for heating, ventilation and air conditioning design in China. Particles in the air, including PM10?PM2.5?PM1.0, are used as testing sample. The performances of filtration fabrics, including meltblown, needle and composited nonwoven filtration material, are tested under the wind speed of 0.2 m/s?0.8 m/s or 1.2 m/s, respectively. It is shown that the electrostatic filtration fabric has high purifying efficiency and low pressure loss. The pressure loss of electrostatic needle filtration fabrics are less than 200 Pa and the purifying efficiencies are higher than 70%, even reach 95% under low wind speed. The efficiencies of non-electrostatic needle filtration fabrics is only between 20% and 40%, while the purifying efficiencies of meltblown filtration fabrics between 50% and 80%, and the pressure loss grows quickly with the increasing of the wind speed.