通江湖泊对长江中下游防洪的作用

本文从云梦泽、洞庭湖与长江之间的演变过程,论述历史上江湖关系受自然与人类活动的影响,分析江湖互通对于稳定河势和防洪的作用,然后讨论鄱阳湖和洞庭湖的防洪功能,初步分析了三峡工程对两湖防洪作用的影响。分析表明：对于防洪,天然湖泊与人工防洪工程相比,具有不可替代的优势,历史和现实均表明,通江湖泊对长江中下游防洪都起到了关键作用。据此,按照人与自然和谐相处的原则,提出未来江湖治理的思路及工作重点,尤其是强调江湖治理中非工程措施和科学管理的作用。

Flood control function of river-connecting lakes on the Middle and Lower Reaches of Changjiang River

Based on the analysis of historical evolvement between the Middle and Lower Reaches of Changjiang and the Yunmeng Lake and the Dongting Lake, the authors described the effects of the nature and human activities on river-lake relations and analyzed the roles of river-lakes connection on river channel stability and the flood control capability. Then flood control functions of Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake were discussed. The influence of Three Gorges Project on the relation between the river and lakes were briefly analyzed. It was shown that natural lakes have a non-replacable advantage over any artificial projects in term of flood control. Both in history and at present, river connecting lakes have key functions on the Middle and Lower Reaches of Changjiang River. Some thoughts and key points for further river-lake harnessing were put forward based on the principle of "human and nature harmonious co-existence".Non-structural measures and scientific management approaches for river-lake harnessing were emphasized.