Nondestructive determination of fatty acid composition of husked sunflower (Helianthus annua L.) seeds by near-infrared spectroscopy |
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Authors: | Tetsuo Sato Yasuhiro Takahata Takahiro Noda Takashi Yanagisawa Toshikazu Morishita Shinji Sakai |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Crop Breeding, Kyushu National Agricultural Experiment Station, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF), 861-11 Nishigoshi, Kumamoto-ken, Japan;(2) Present address: Department of Crop Breeding, National Agricultural Research Center, MAFF, 305 Tsukuba, Ibaraki-ken, Japan |
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Abstract: | Determination of the fatty acid composition of sunflower (Helianthus annua L.) seeds by near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was examined. Sunflower seeds were husked (removed from their hulls by a husking machine or manually with a knife). NIR spectra of these seeds were scanned from 1100 to 2500 nm at 2-nm intervals in a whole-grain cell with a wideangle moving drawer for machine-husked seeds or in a single-grain cup for a manually husked single-grain seed. The extracted oils from machine-husked seeds also were scanned by sandwiching them between a pair of slide glasses to create a thin layer and by placing them on a syrup cup. For extracted oil, the absorption band around 1720 nm filled out to the shorter wavelength region in the NIR second-derivative spectra as the percentage of the linoleic acid moiety increased, because linoleic acid absorbs in this region. On the other hand, for husked seeds and for a single-grain seed, as the percentage of linoleic acid increased, the trough at 1724 nm where oleic and saturated acids absorb decreased in the second-derivative NIR spectra. Determination of the fatty acid composition of sunflower seeds could be carried out successfully according to the NIR spectral pattern for both extracted oil (r=−0.989) and kernel seed (r=−0.993). This is important, especially for a manually husked single-grain seed (r=−0.971), because it can still be germinated after such nondestructive analysis. |
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Keywords: | Analysis fatty acid composition Helianthus annua L. husked seed near-infrared oil single grain spectroscopy sunflower seed whole grain |
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