Abstract: | Abstract Until about 1910, pictorial and professional photographers produced strikingly different work and interacted very little with one another. Most pictorialists strove to create atmospheric, mysterious and emotionally charged images that often resembled other works of art. They hand-crafted photographs that were sofdy focused, low in tonalities and printed in such exotic processes as gum-bichromate, platinum or photogravure. Motivated by pure self-expression, pictorialists made every effort to prove that their pictures were fine art, looking down on utilitarian photographs as crass and soulless. |