ALOHA在苯泄漏事故中的模拟分析

危化品泄漏可能引发中毒、火灾或爆炸事故。以常州市某危险化学品储罐区苯储罐受外物撞击为背景,对苯罐泄漏进行后果分析,并利用ALOHA模拟软件对可能存在的瞬时泄漏和连续泄漏两种事故场景分别进行了计算模拟。通过选择各事故场景下某一事故类型对应的关注水平,得到相应的苯扩散区域、可燃区域和蒸气云爆炸超压影响区域的模拟图。对于同一事故场景,毒性影响范围都明显大于其他类型事故的影响范围,因此在应急疏散中应以毒性影响范围作为依据进行疏散。ALOHA在极低风速、稳定的大气条件、风向变化和地形变化较大以及局部浓度不均匀4种情况下的模拟结果不稳定,在实际应用时需要注意。

Simulation Analysis of Benzene Leakage with ALOHA

Hazardous chemicals leakage may cause poisoning,fire or explosion accident.The study is set in foreign object impact to Benzene storage tanks of a hazardous chemical storage tank area of Changzhou storage tanks.It analyzes the result induced by benzene tank leakage.Two possible accident scenes of both instantaneous leakage and continuous leakage were simulated respectively through the ALOHA simulation software.Corresponding simulated diagrams of diffusion area,combustible region of benzene and impact zone of benzene vapor cloud explosion overpressure were obtained through the selection of the attention level corresponding to an accident type under various accident scenes.Because the range of toxic effects is significantly greater than the impact of other types of accidents in the same accident scene,we should evacuate according to the range of toxic effects in emergency evacuation.It is worth mentioning that the simulation results were instable by ALOHA simulation analysis in the following four states：very low wind speed,very stable atmospheric conditions,greater changes in wind direction and terrain and local concentration unevenness.So we need to notice them in application.